Blurry Distance Vision?
Trouble Seeing Clearly
While Driving or Watching TV?
You Might Have Myopia
Don’t Worry, We’ve A Solution
What is Myopia?
Myopia, commonly known as Nearsightedness, is a refractive error where distant objects appear blurry while close objects are seen clearly. It is one of the most common vision problems in children and tends to worsen with age if left uncorrected.
In India, recent studies show that myopia affects nearly 13–15% of school-going children, with urban areas seeing even higher rates due to increased screen exposure and limited outdoor activity. Experts are raising concern over the sharp rise in screen exposure, from smartphones, tablets, and online learning, which is directly linked to early onset and faster progression of myopia.
Myopia tends to progress with age if not managed early, making timely diagnosis and treatment crucial.
Symptoms of Myopia
Children with myopia may:
- Complain of blurry distance vision (e.g., difficulty seeing the blackboard)
- Squint frequently
- Sit very close to the TV, mobile, or books
- Experience headaches or eye fatigue after reading or screen use
Early identification is key, as untreated myopia can lead to progressive worsening and impact a child’s academic performance and quality of life.
Causes of Myopia
Myopia occurs when the eyeball is longer than normal or the cornea is too curved, causing light rays to focus in front of the retina instead of directly on it. It may be influenced by:
- Genetics (if one or both parents are myopic)
- Excessive screen time or near work (reading, gadgets)
- Lack of outdoor activities
- Poor visual habits, like reading in dim light or lying down with screens
Children who spend more than 2 hours/day on screens are at significantly higher risk of developing myopia compared to those who engage in outdoor play.
Types of Myopia
- Simple Myopia: Common in children and progresses gradually
- High Myopia: Severe form that increases the risk of retinal complications
- Pathological Myopia: Associated with degenerative changes in the eye structure
Diagnosis of Myopia
A comprehensive eye examination is required to diagnose myopia. This includes:
- Visual acuity testing
- Refraction test
- Dilated eye exam (especially in younger children who may not express symptoms)
Treatment Options for Myopia
Managing myopia early can prevent long-term vision issues. Treatment options include:
- Prescription glasses or contact lenses: Most common and effective
- Latest technology lenses such as DIMS (Defocus Incorporated Multiple Segments) and HAL lenses, designed to slow progression
- Orthokeratology (Ortho-K): Special lenses worn overnight to temporarily reshape the cornea
- Atropine eye drops: Low-dose drops to slow myopia progression
- Lifestyle modifications: Encouraging outdoor play and limiting screen time
Advanced cases or progressive myopia may require close monitoring and a combination of therapies for effective control. Our paediatric ophthalmology team offers personalized, child-friendly care to ensure the best visual outcomes.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQS)
Can myopia affect both eyes?
Yes, myopia can be bilateral, meaning it affects both eyes, though the degree may vary between eyes.
What is considered high myopia?
High myopia refers to severe nearsightedness, usually above -6.00 diopters, and it may increase the risk of eye complications like retinal detachment or macular degeneration.
Can myopia worsen over time?
Yes, especially in children and young adults. Myopia can gradually increase as the eye continues to grow, making regular eye checkups important.
Is myopia curable?
Myopia can’t be permanently cured, but it can be effectively managed with glasses, contact lenses, or treatments like Ortho-K and atropine drops.
How can I reduce or prevent myopia from progressing?
To slow myopia progression:
- Limit screen time, especially on mobile devices
- Encourage at least 90-120 minutes of outdoor play daily
- Use myopia control solutions like low-dose atropine drops, Ortho-K lenses, or DIMS/defocus lenses
- Maintain good visual hygiene (adequate lighting, 20-20-20 rule during near work)
- Schedule regular eye check-ups to monitor eye growth and adjust treatment as needed